Linking words

Linking words are used to link ideas when writing. They enable the writing to flow from one idea to the next in a logical and cohesive way. There are three main types of linking words:

• conjunctions
• sentence connectors
• subordinators.

Conjunctions

Conjunctions are the most common form of linking word. They are used to join two parts of a sentence together are generally in the middle of a sentence. There are seven co-ordinating conjuctions. These are:

• and
• but
• so
• or
• for
• nor
• yet.

Example

Sentence connectors

Sentence connectors are used to link ideas from one sentence to the next and to give paragraphs coherence. Sentence connectors perform different functions and are placed at the beginning of a sentence. They are used to introduce, order, contrast, sequence ideas, theory, data etc. The following table lists useful connectors.

Useful sentence connectors

Logical / sequential order Firstly, secondly, thirdly etc Next, last, finally In addition Furthermore Also At present / presently	Order of importance Most / more importantly Most significantly Above all Primarily It is essential / essentially
Contrast However On the other hand On the contrary By (in) comparison In contrast	Result As a result As a consequence Therefore Thus Consequently Hence
Comparison Similarily Likewise Also	Reason The cause of The reason for

Subordinators

Subordinators are linking words that are used to join clauses together. They are used at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence. A clause is a group of words that must contain a subject and predicate. There are two types of clauses:

• independent clauses - these can stand alone as a sentence by themselves
• dependent clauses - these make no sense by themselves.

Example

Common subordinators

Below are some examples of commonly used subordinators.

Comparison & Contrast	Cause / effect	Time
Although Though Even though While Whereas	Since So that Because	After When Until Whenever Before
Possibility	Place & manner
if as if whether unless	Wherever Where How

Next

Linking words and phrases

Although some of these words have already been mentioned as sentence connectors, they can also be used to develop coherence within a paragraph, that is linking one idea / argument to another. Print off this page to keep as a reference of useful linking words and phrases.

Sequence	Result	Emphasis
First / firstly, second / secondly, third / thirdly etc Next, last, finally In addition, moreover Further / furthermore Another Also In conclusion To summarise	So As a result As a consequence (of) Therefore Thus Consequently Hence Due to	Undoubtedly Indeed Obviously Generally Admittedly In fact Particularly / in particular Especially Clearly Importantly
Addition	Reason	Example
And In addition / additionally / an additional Furthermore Also Too As well as	For Because Since As Because of	For example For instance That is (ie) Such as Including Namely
Contrast	Comparison
However Nevertheless Nonetheless Still Although / even though Though But Yet Despite / in spite of In contrast (to) / in comparison While Whereas On the other hand On the contrary	Similarly Likewise Also Like Just as Just like Similar to Same as Compare compare(d) to / with Not only...but also

Crime and law

Terms	Definitions
jeer	syn= taunt, to laugh at sb or shout rude remarks at them to show that you do not respect them(v). Eg: The crowd was jeering the player loudly at the end of the game
leer	to look or smile at sb in unpleasant way that show an evil or sexual way (v) (n)
fiscal	connected with public or government money, especially tax (a). eg: there are some fiscal changes that need to make
warehouse	a building where a large quantities of good are stored, especially before they sent to the shop (n)
bin	a container that you put waste in (n)
orchard	a piece of land, normally separated from the surrounding area, in which fruit tree are grown (n)
ship	a large boat that carries people by sea
steal	to take st without permission (v) stole, stolen
heat	to make st hot (v)
hit	to knock a part of the body against st (v)
lick	to move the tongue to eat or make st wet (v)(n)
ancient	very old (a)
relic	a thing from the past of death person and respect as a religious object (n)
jostle	to push roughly against sb in the crowd (v)
moustache	beard above lip (n)
bump	to hit sb by accident
theft	the crime of stealing (n)
burglary	the crime of entering the house to steal (n), syn = housebreaking
robbery	stealing money from the bank especially using threat or violence (n)
thief	a person who steal st (n)
burglar	a person who enter the house and steal st (n)
robber	a person steal st and using threat (n)
intrusion	something that affects to the people's live in a way that they don't want su xam pham (n)
violation	an action not obey the law, against the agreement (n)
violate	(v) from violation
violence	(Un) the violent behaviour that is intend to kill or hurt sb
homeowner	(n) a person who own the house
force	(Un)(v) violent physical action used to obtain or achieve st
shame	(n) the feeling of sadness or embarrassment
victim	(n) nan nhan
larceny	(n) = theft. Grand/petty larceny do co gia/ khong co gia