Cách chia thì đối với câu có từ "WHEN"

When trong tiếng anh nghĩa thông dụng là khi nào, bao giờ, dùng trong các mệnh đề chỉ thời gian. Vậy làm thế nào để chia thì đúng với từ When?




Trong lúc chia thì chúng ta thường rất hay gặp từ WHEN.

Vậy thì làm thế nào để chia thì đúng nhất khi gặp trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian này?

ENCI xin chia ra làm hai trường hợp để bạn dễ nhớ nhé:




1) Đối với trường hợp chưa xảy ra:

+ Nếu hai hành động xảy ra liên tục nhau:

Bên có when chia thì hiện tại đơn, bên không có when chia thì tương lai đơn.

E.g: Tomorrow I will give her this book when I meet her (gặp rồi tiếp sau đó là trao sách)

+ Nếu hai hành động cắt ngang nhau: Hành động đang xảy ra dùng tương lai tiếp diễn, hành động cắt ngang chia thì tương lai đơn.

E.g: Tomorrow when you arrive at the airport, I will be standing at the gate. (bạn đến lúc đó tôi đang đợi).

+ Hai hành động trước sau (hành động này hoàn tất trước một hành động khác xảy ra)

Hành động xảy ra trước dùng thì tương lai hoàn thành, hành động xảy ra sau dùng thì tương lai đơn (nhớ khi gặp chữ KHI thì phải bỏ WILL )

E.g: By the time you come, I will have gone out.
(By the time = before: trước khi )




2) Đối với trường hợp xảy ra rồi:

+ Nếu hai hành động cắt ngang nhau (một hành động này đang xảy ra thì có một hành động khác cắt ngang - Trường hợp này rất thường gặp)

- Hành động đang xảy ra dùng Quá khứ tiếp diễn

- Hành động cắt ngang dùng Quá khứ đơn

E.g: I was playing soccer when it began to rain (mưa cắt ngang hành động chơi bóng)

Cách nhận dạng ra loại này: Phải dịch nghĩa của câu, các động từ cắt ngang thường là: come, meet, see, start, begin…

+ Nếu hai hành động xảy ra liên tục hoặc đồng thời nhau: Cả hai hành động đều chia Quá khứ đơn.

Dấu hiệu nhận biết là: dịch nghĩa thấy 2 hành động xảy ra liên tục nhau

E.g: When he came home, he opened the door

Khi mệnh đề when có các từ sau: lived ,was, were

E.g: When I lived in Hanoi, I studied at Enci English language school.
When he was a child, he had a habit of getting up late.

+ Hai hành động trước sau (hành động này hoàn tất trước một hành động khác xảy ra)

Hành động xảy ra trước dùng Quá khứ hoàn thành; hành động sau dùng Quá khứ đơn.

Cách nhận ra loại này:

- Các dấu hiệu thường gặp là: already, for + khoảng thời gian, just

E.g: When I came ,he had already gone out (khi tôi đến anh ta đã đi rồi)
When I came ,he had gone out for two hours (khi tôi đến anh ta đã đi đựoc hai tiếng rồi )

- Cũng có thể dịch qua nghĩa:

I didn’t meet Tom because when I came, he had gone out. (dấu hiệu là do tôi không gặp -> đã đi rồi)

English words to talk about time and the past

We often use reference words with the Past Simple tense.

ago
"Five years ago I broke my leg."
(Present year 2013 – five years ago the year was 2008)
"She had a baby a month ago."

(also "a week ago", "two weeks ago", but not "a day ago" – instead, use "yesterday".)

last
"Last week I went to London."
"Last year I visited the USA."

(also "last month" and "in the last century".)

in
"She was born in the last century."
"In the 1970s disco music was very popular."
"In those days, there weren't many cars on the roads."

Prepositions of time

We use these prepositions with times and dates. (Remember: we can use these with past, present and future time forms.)

On (with a day)
I started work on Monday.
On my birthday I went out for dinner.
It's his wedding anniversary on December 7th.
British people often eat turkey on Christmas Day.

At (a clock time / a period of time)
I finish work at 6 pm.
They ate lunch at midday.
What do you normally do at Christmas?
She goes out with her friends at the weekend. (British English – American English is "on the weekend")
I don't like going out at night.

In (with a century, year, month, season, part of the day)
They got married in 2010.
She went on holiday in March.
They go to the beach in summer.
She goes shopping in the morning. (But "on Tuesday morning", for example.)

Also, in the afternoon, in the evening, in the night:
They left early in the evening.
I heard a strange noise in the night.

For (to talk about length of time)
She stayed for an hour.
He went away for the weekend.

During (at some point in a period of time)
It rained during the night.
They argued during the holidays.

Common error

Don't confuse "for" and "ago".

"For" refers to a length of time.
"I lived there for a year."

"Ago" refers to a point in time – separated by a length of between now and then.
"I moved there a month ago." (If this month is February, a month ago is January.)

Sequencing words

Before
I woke up before the alarm clock went off.

After
After I had a shower, I got dressed.

Then
Then I had breakfast.

After that / Afterwards
After that, I left the house.

Later
Later that day, I got a strange phone call.

When
When I got home, I listened to some music.

Compound Sentences

A compound sentence is two or more independent clauses joined together. There

are three ways to join the clauses:

1. With a coordinator

Salt water boils at a higher temperature than freshwater, so food cooks faster

in salt water.

2. With a conjunctive adverb

Salt water boils at a higher temperature than freshwater; therefore, food

cooks faster in salt water.

3. With a semicolon

Salt water boils at a higher temperature than freshwater; food cooks faster in

salt water.

Let's study each type of compound sentence in more detail.

Compound Sentences with Coordinators

A compound sentence can be formed as follows:

Independent clause, + coordinator + independent clause

Salt water boils at a lower temperature than freshwater, so food cooks faster in

salt water.

There are seven coordinators, which are also called coordinating conjunctions. You

can remember them by the phrase FAN BOYS (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So). The

following sentences illustrate the meanings of the seven FAN BOYS coordinators.

(Punctuation note: There is a comma after the first independent clause.)

TỔNG HỢP TÀI LIỆU TỰ ÔN THI IELTS

Link down full bộ đề huyền thoại Cambridge

- Cambridge IELTS 1

- Cambridge IELTS 2

- Cambridge IELTS 3

- Cambridge IELTS 4

- Cambridge IELTS 5

- Cambridge IELTS 6

- Cambridge IELTS 7

- Cambridge IELTS 8

- Cambridge IELTS 9

- Cambridge IELTS 10

The Official Cambridge Guide to IELTS [FULL] DVD & PDF

The Official Cambridge Guide to IELTS của ba tác giả: Pauline Cullen, Amanda French, Vanessa Jakeman, được xuất bản bởi Cambridge University Press là tài liệu cần thiết dành cho các thí sinh đang luyện thi IELTS. Cuốn sách có những bài test thử hữu ích giúp các bạn trau dồi và nâng cao kỹ năng Tiếng Anh của mình, sẵn sàng cho bài thi IELTS thực sự.

Tải tại đây: http://goo.gl/UK4bdd

Hướng dẫn Task 1

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the graph below.

• You should write at least 150 words.
• Allow yourself 20 minutes for this task.

 

model answer:

The graph compares the rate of smoking in men and women in Someland between the years 1960 and 2000. It can be clearly seen that the rate of smoking for both men and women is currently declining and that fewer women have smoked throughout the period.

In 1960, 600 men in every 1,000 was smoking. This number decreased gradually to 500 by 1974 and continued to decrease but more steeply to 250 in 2000. In contrast, the rate of smoking in women in 1960 was very low at only 80 in every 1,000. By 1968 this increased to 170, and increased again but more steeply to 320 in 1977. The rate of female smokers then remained stable at 320 until 1984 at which point the figures began to decline and had dropped to 200 by 2000.

In conclusion we can see that the rate of smoking in men dropped throughout the whole period but was always at a higher level than the female figures. The rate of smoking in women increased until 1977 but then decreased for the rest of the period.

Hướng dẫn viết task 2

WRITING TASK 2:

People nowadays work hard to buy more things. This has made our lives generally more comfortable but many traditional values and customs have been lost and this is a pity.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

You should write at least 250 words.

[Đề này lấy từ quyển CAMBRIDGE INSTANT IELTS, trang 95]

I.                   INTRODUCTION: Phần mở bài, nên có:

1.     Topic sentence(s): viết lại y của đề bài. Nhưng quan trọng là không copy y chang từ của đề, mà phải ‘biến tấu’ sao cho khác đi 1 chút: ví dụ: dùng từ đồng nghĩa, hoặc đổi sang cấu trúc khác (chủ động ó bị động). Tóm lại, dùng từ, cấu trúc sao cho khác với đề bài (mà vẫn giữ nguyên nội dung nhé là được. Vì nếu dùng lại y chang những từ trong đề thì giám khảo sẽ trừ những từ đó ra, trong tổng số từ của bài essay mình viết được, và như thế, có khi mình lại không đủ từ.

Trong phần introduction này, nên sử dụng câu ‘It is argued that..’ 

2.     Purpose of the essay: Nên sử dụng 1 trong 2 câu sau đây làm cầu nối cho mở bài và thân bài:
a. This essay will examine / analyse the issue in detail.
b. This essay will take a closer look at the issue.

=> Xem thử phần INTRODUCTION mẫu này nhé:
          In our contemporary life, people are trying to earn as much money as they can to buy more things. It is argued that these things have created a chance for people to have a comfortable life. However, it is unfortunate that many traditional values and customs have also been lost on the way. This essay will take a closer look at the issue. (63 words)

II.                BODY:

Phần body nên chia làm 2 đoạn. Ví dụ, theo đề này, Bear chia body thành 2 đoạn:

a. 1 đọan nói về traditional values

b. 1 đoạn nói về customs.

Đa số ở những đề khác, mình chia làm 2 đoạn :

a.      1 đoạn nói về ONE SIDE OF THE ARGUMENT (Ví dụ: cái lợi khi đi xe búyt)

b.     1 đoạn nói về THE OTHER SIDE OF THE ARGUMENT (Ví dụ: bất tiện khi đi xe búyt)

Trong mỗi đoạn, mình phải cho ví dụ để support y minh muốn nói. Nên dùng những từ như: Firstly, in addition, also, moreover, further more / However, on the other hand, in contrast…

ð     Xem thử phần BODY mẫu của bài này nhé:

There are some traditional values which are in danger of being lost. One of them is the bond of the family. People in a family nowadays do not spend time having lunch or dinner together. Most of the time is spent on working and studying in order to acquire some social status. A delicious meal with the whole family is being replaced by fast food, and hardly does every body in a family have enough time to listen to each other. (81 words)

Some customs are also being lost because the majority of the young generation have been focusing on lastest things. Music is a good example of this. while the elder like listening to Cai Luong, the younger want to listen to pop, rock music. Some of the adolescents even do not have any knowledge of Cai Luong. What this will lead to is that Cai Luong will naturally not exist in the future. (71 words)

  III.             CONCLUSION:

Nên dùng những từ sau: In conclusion / In summary / To sum up / Over all

ð     Xem thử phần CONCLUSION của bài này:

In conclusion, if the subject like ‘the value of protecting the cultural identities’ is taught at both school and family, it will affect the young generation and we still can have a comfortable life without losing any thing. (38 words)

Bear post lại nguyên bài này để bạn xem cho dễ nhé:

In our contemporary life, people are trying to earn as much money as they can to buy more things. It is argued that these things have created a chance for people to have a comfortable life. However, it is unfortunate that many traditional values and customs have also been lost on the way. This essay will take a closer look at the issue. (63 words)

There are some traditional values which are in danger of being lost. One of them is the bond of the family. People in a family nowadays do not spend time having lunch or dinner together. Most of the time is spent on working and studying in order to acquire some social status. A delicious meal with the whole family is being replaced by fast food, and hardly does every body in a family have enough time to listen to each other. (81 words)

Some customs are also being lost because the majority of the young generation have been focusing on lastest things. Music is a good example of this. while the elder like listening to Cai Luong, the younger want to listen to pop, rock music. Some of the adolescentseven do not have any knowledge of Cai Luong. What this will lead to is that Cai Luong will naturally not exist in the future. (71 words)

In conclusion, if the subject like ‘the value of protecting the cultural identities’ is taught at both school and family, it will affect the young generation and we still can have a comfortable life without losing any thing. (38 words)

TOTAL: 253 words.

Marks: 7

Như vậy, bài này có đủ:

1.     Relative Clause

2.     Passive

3.     If

4.     Emphatic sentence

5.     IELTS words

Đặc biệt : do not / is not.. hẳn hoi, không được viết tắt : don’t / isn’t..

Cũng dễ phải không nào. Ai cũng nghĩ WRITING của IELTS là cái gì đó ghê gớm lắm. Chứ thật ra, cũng dễ thôi à. Chỉ cần mình diễn đạt ‎y cho rõ ràng, là ok.

Tất cả những gì Bear trình bày ở đây đều là học được từ Thầy Nick, ở lớp luyện thi 90 An Dương Vương , Q5. Thầy dạy cực kỳ hay và rất tận tâm. Học phí ở đây tương đối ok (so với mấy chỗ khác) mà chất lượng giảng dạy thì TUYỆT VỜI! Có 3 cấp độ cho lớp IELTS. Nếu muốn học, bạn sẽ thi xếp lớp, rồi tùy trình độ mà người ta sắp lớp cho mình. (Bear nhớ học phí của lớp ADVANCED là khoảng: 2, 300,000VNĐ, Học 6 tuần, 1 tuần 5 buổi, 1 buổi 2 tiếng.) 

Và bây giờ, bạn chỉ việc mua sách luyện IELTS, tập viết thử những đề trong đó là ok. Đọc những bài mẫu, và bắt chước những kiểu câu hay của người ta, cũng là 1 cách tốt. Thi IELTS, không phải như viết ESSAY của trình độ thạc sĩ.. , nên không sợ người ta bắt chuyện mình plagiarism (đạo văn) 

List of Adverbs

Why do you need a list of adverbs?

If you watched Schoolhouse Rock as a child, you probably remember the song Lolly, Lolly, Lolly, get your adverbs here. This catchy song told you how adverbs were at your service to enrich your language in various ways. Now that you have the tune stuck in your head, keep reading to brush up on adverbs via the handy list of adverbs.

An adverb is a modifying part of speech. It describes verbs, other adverbs, adjectives, and phrases. They are used to describe how, where, when, how often and why something happens. Here are a few examples:

Verb- The cat climbed quickly up the tree. (quickly describes how the cat climbed)

Adverb- Mike worked very carefully on his paper. (very shows how carefully he worked) Adjective- She is nearly ready to go. (nearly tells to what extent she is ready)

Adverbs of manner describe how something happens. Where there are two or more verbs in a sentence, adverb placement affects the meaning. Some commonly used adverbs of manner include:

carefully
correctly
eagerly
easily
fast
loudly
patiently
quickly
quietly
and well.

Consider the following example:

She decided to write her paper. (no adverbs)
She quickly decided to write her paper. (her decision was quick)
She decided to write her paper quickly. (her writing was quick)

Adverbs of place describe where something happens. Most adverbs of place are also used as prepositions. Some commonly used examples include the following:

abroad
anywhere
downstairs
here
home
in
nowhere
out
outside
somewhere
there
underground
upstairs.

I wanted to go upstairs.
She has lived in the city since June. (in the city – prepositional phrase)

Adverbs of purpose describe why something happens. Here are some common examples:

so
so that
to
in order to
because
since
accidentally
intentionally
and purposely.

Jenny walks carefully to avoid falling.
Bob accidentally broke the vase.

Adverbs of frequency describe how often something happens. The following adverbs are commonly used in this way:

always
every
never
often
rarely
seldom
sometimes
and usually.

Mackenzie gets a ride from her brother every day.
The fish usually swims near the top of its tank.

Adverbs of time describe when something happens. These examples are commonly used:

after
already
during
finally
just
last
later
next
now
recently
soon
then
tomorrow
when
while
and yesterday.

He came home before dark.
It will be too dark to play outside soon.
Jessica finished her supper first.
Andy left school early.

Some adverbs often get overused, such as very, extremely, and really. Using there is/are or it is at the beginning of a sentence adds nothing. Sentences with these adverb phrases become wordy, boring, and less clear. Look at some examples:

* There are many bird species living in the sanctuary. Many bird species live in the sanctuary.
* It is important to hold hands when crossing the street. Holding hands when crossing the street is important.
* There may be more than one way to solve the problem. The problem may be solved in more than one way.

Well, did you catch all that? Recognizing the various adverbs used in the English language can take practice. Using them properly can make writing and speaking far more interesting.

Now you have a list of adverbs because you read this article carefully and thoroughly...

Adverbs of Completeness
Everywhere
here
there

LIST OF COMMON ADVERBS

A abnormally absentmindedly accidentally acidly actually adventurously afterwards almost always angrily annually anxiously arrogantly awkwardly	B badly bashfully beautifully bitterly bleakly blindly blissfully boastfully boldly bravely briefly brightly briskly broadly busily	C calmly carefully carelessly cautiously certainly cheerfully clearly cleverly closely coaxingly colorfully commonly continually coolly correctly courageously crossly cruelly curiously	D daily daintily dearly deceivingly delightfully deeply defiantly deliberately delightfully diligently dimly doubtfully dreamily	E easily elegantly energetically enormously enthusiastically equally especially even evenly eventually exactly excitedly extremely
F fairly faithfully famously far fast fatally ferociously fervently fiercely fondly foolishly fortunately frankly frantically freely frenetically frightfully fully furiously	G generally generously gently gladly gleefully gracefully gratefully greatly greedily	H happily hastily healthily heavily helpfully helplessly highly honestly hopelessly hourly hungrily	I immediately innocently inquisitively instantly intensely intently interestingly inwardly irritably	J jaggedly jealously joshingly joyfully joyously jovially jubilantly judgementally justly
K keenly kiddingly kindheartedly kindly kissingly knavishly knottily knowingly knowledgeably kookily	L lazily less lightly likely limply lively loftily longingly loosely lovingly loudly loyally	M madly majestically meaningfully mechanically merrily miserably mockingly monthly more mortally mostly mysteriously	N naturally nearly neatly needily nervously never nicely noisily not	O obediently obnoxiously oddly offensively officially often only openly optimistically overconfidently owlishly
P painfully partially patiently perfectly physically playfully politely poorly positively potentially powerfully promptly properly punctually	Q quaintly quarrelsomely queasily queerly questionably questioningly quicker quickly quietly quirkily quizzically	R rapidly rarely readily really reassuringly recklessly regularly reluctantly repeatedly reproachfully restfully righteously rightfully rigidly roughly rudely	S sadly safely scarcely scarily searchingly sedately seemingly seldom selfishly separately seriously shakily sharply sheepishly shrilly shyly silently sleepily slowly smoothly softly solemnly solidly sometimes soon speedily stealthily sternly strictly successfully suddenly surprisingly suspiciously sweetly swiftly sympathetically	T tenderly tensely terribly thankfully thoroughly thoughtfully tightly tomorrow too tremendously triumphantly truly truthfully
U ultimately unabashedly unaccountably unbearably unethically unexpectedly unfortunately unimpressively unnaturally unnecessarily utterly upbeat upliftingly upright upside-down upward upwardly urgently usefully uselessly usually utterly	V vacantly vaguely vainly valiantly vastly verbally very viciously victoriously violently vivaciously voluntarily	W warmly weakly wearily well wetly wholly wildly willfully wisely woefully wonderfully worriedly wrongly	Y yawningly yearly yearningly yesterday yieldingly youthfully	Z zealously  zestfully   zestily